Red-crested Pochard

The Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina is a striking diving duck belonging to the Anatidae family. Males are easily recognized by their bright orange-red heads, black breasts, and white flanks, while females are more subdued, with brownish-grey plumage and a pale face. Both sexes have a distinctive long, sloping profile and a robust, red or dark grey bill. The BTO code for the Red-crested Pochard is RQ.

Red-crested Pochards inhabit freshwater lakes, reservoirs, and slow-moving rivers with abundant aquatic vegetation. They are mainly found in Europe and Central Asia, with populations migrating south in winter to the Mediterranean and South Asia. In the UK, they are present as both breeding and wintering birds, with the highest numbers occurring in southern and eastern England. Their diet consists primarily of aquatic plants, seeds, and roots, though they will also consume small invertebrates. They are adept divers, often feeding underwater by upending or diving completely to forage in submerged vegetation.

Red-crested Pochards breed from May to July. They construct nests close to water, hidden among reeds or dense vegetation, using plant material and down. Clutches typically contain 8-12 pale greenish eggs, which the female incubates for around 25-28 days. Ducklings are precocial and can feed themselves soon after hatching, but they remain under the female's care for several weeks before becoming independent.

In the UK, the Red-crested Pochard population is relatively small but stable, with an estimated breeding population of a few hundred pairs. The wintering population is larger, as birds arrive from continental Europe. While not currently considered threatened, the species faces challenges such as habitat degradation, pollution, and disturbances from human activity.

The Red-crested Pochard is Green-listed on the Birds of Conservation Concern (BoCC) 5, indicating a stable population. However, wetland habitat loss and water pollution remain potential threats. Conservation efforts focus on protecting and restoring wetlands, maintaining water quality, and minimizing disturbances in key breeding and wintering areas. Like all wild birds, Red-crested Pochards are protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. 

Ensuring the preservation of wetland habitats, promoting responsible water management, and reducing human disturbances are essential for maintaining healthy populations. Birdwatchers and conservationists can contribute by supporting wetland conservation initiatives and advocating for the protection of key waterfowl habitats.